sp(h)ē(i)-3, spī- and sphē- : sphǝ-

    sp(h)ē(i)-3, spī- and sphē- : sphǝ-

    English meaning: to succeed, prosper; to fatten, etc..

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “gedeihen, sich ausdehnen = dick werden, vorwärtskommen, Erfolg haben, gelingen”

    Material: O.Ind. sphǘ yatē “wird fat, obese, nimmt to”, participle sphītá - ‘swollen, wohlhabend, dense, full”, sphüta- “big, large, strong”, sphītí - f. “the prospering; flourishing “, sphütí - f. “Mästung, prospering; flourishing “, Kaus. sphüvá yati “mästet, verstärkt”, sphürá - “vast, spacious, wide, big, large”, sphirá- “fat, obese” (IE *sphǝ-ró- = O.C.S. sporъ, O.H.G. spar); with formants -ko- (as Ltv. spḕ ks): pīva-sphüká - “from Fett strotzend”; O.Ind. vi-ṣpitám is strittiger meaning; from the aspIr. form sphē-: ἐρί-σφηλον “ἐρισθενῆ”, ἄσφηλοι ἀσθενεῖς; σφηλὸν γὰρ τὸ ἰσχυρόν Hes.; without s- Arm. p”art”am “rich”; Lat. spatium “Raum, time, Weite, stretch, duration”; spēs, -ēī, pl. spērēs f. “ expectation, hope”, spērō, -üre “hoffe”; originally “from Hoffnung geschwellt”; prosperus “gũnstig, lucky” (*pro-spǝ-ro-); maybe Alb. (*spatium) shpat “precipice, mountain, forest”, (*spērēs) shpresonj “ I hope”. M.Welsh ffysgiaw, Corn. fesky “Eilen” (*spid-sk-); Goth. spēdiza “later”, spēdumists ‘Lateester”, O.H.G. spüti, adv. spüto “late” (eig. “*sich hinziehend”); O.E. spōwan “thrive, glũcken”, O.H.G. spuon ‘succeed”, Gmc. *spōði- in O.H.G. spuot, O.S. spōd, O.E. spēd “ prospering; flourishing, Beschleunigung, haste, hurry”, Ger. sich sputen; O.H.G. etc. spar see under; Lith. spe ́ti “ have the time or leisure, be quick enough, be able “, spe ́rus “ quick “, spe ̃tas m. “ leisure “, spėme ̃ f. “haste, hurry”; spe ̃kas and spėkà “ power “; Maybe Alb. (*spe ́t-) shpejt “ quick “ Ltv. spẽt “vermögen, to be able “, spḕ ks “ force, strength, power” (probably also Ltv. spīte “ contrariness “, spîtîgs “defiant”); ; maybe Alb. (*spẽt-) shpëtim ‘salvage”, (-im m. noun suffix) shpëtoj ‘save, preserve, keep” (- o verb suffix). O.C.S. spějǫ, spěti “Erfolg have”; spěсhъ m. “ a busying one’s self about or application to a thing; assiduity, zeal, eagerness, fondness, inclination, desire, exertion, endeavor, study “, spěšiti “hurry”; maybe Alb. shpesh “often, frequent”, shpejt “fast” O.C.S. sporъ (= O.Ind. sphirá- etc.) “rich”, in neueren Slav. Sprachen also (and probably das ursprũnglichere) “lange lasting, lang ausreichend”, so Russ. spóryj, Serb. spȍr “lang lasting “, hence on the other hand also “lange ausreichend, economical “, Cz. sporý “ergiebig, ausgiebig” and “ economical, sparse “, spořiti ‘spare” (dt. influence?), O.H.G. spar “ economical, concise”, O.E. spær, O.Ice. sparr “ economical, penurious “ (: sporъ); Hitt. išpüi “ißt sich satt”, 3. pl. išpii̯ anzi. Von spĭ- (: speĭ-) from: with the meaning “fat, thick” and g-formants: O.Ind. sphij- (nom. sg. sphik, Du. sphijüu; sphicüu through Entgleisung after d. nom. sg.?), sphigī “Arschbacke, hip, haunch”; O.Ice. spik n., O.E. spic n., O.H.G. spec, -ckes “bacon”; With Dentalformantien: Gk. σπίδνος “vast, spacious, wide, eben”, σπιδόεις, σπιδνός (Hes.) ds., σπιδόθεν “from weitem”, ἑλεσ-[σ]πίς, -σπίδος ‘sumpffläche”, ἀσπιδής (*αν- σπιδής with preposition ἀν) “ capacious “, ἀσπίς, -ίδος ‘shield”, (“*dem body entlang gebreitete surface, plain, area”?), σπίζω “ἐκτείνω”; Lat. spissus (*spid-to-) “dense, thick, slow, zögernd”; with dh: σπιθάμη ‘span (the hand)”, σπιθίαι σανίδες νεώς Hes.; with t: Lith. speičiù , speĩsti “encircle”, spiẽsti ‘schwärmen”, spintù, spìsti “in Schwärmenausbrechen, from bees”, Ltv. spiêts ‘swarm of bees” (participle Lith. spìstas “gedrängt”, Lat.spissus); compare also Ltv. spaile, spailis “line, Schwaden of Mähers” (-lmaybe from -dl-), Lith. spielóti “in den Nährahmen einspannen”, Ltv. spailes “ cloven Stecken zum Einklemmen”, spī̀ le, spī̀ lis “eine Zwicke, Zwickeisen; Holznägel; need, Verlegenheit” (M.H.G. Lw.?), spī̀ lis also “zeltartig ausgespannte Leinwand”, spī̀ lê t “ clamp - pinch, tweak, nip, spannen”. With g-formant: Gk. σφίγγω ‘schnũre ein, klemme ein”, σφιγκτήρ “cord, band, strap; muscle “; Ltv. spaiglis, spaigle “Krebsgabel”; Gmc. with the meaning “ausspannen = spreizen”: Ger. dial. spaichen “ausschreiten”, ausspaichen “with Schritten or ausgespannten Fingern ausmessen”, Nor. speika “with steifen (gespannten) Beinen go”, spīka “widerspenstig sein”.

    References: WP. II 656 ff., WH. II 568 f., 576, Trautmann 274 f., Vendryes RC. 50, 92, Vasmer 2, 707, 710;

    See also: in addition spēi-2 and spen-1.